The gut is in constant communication with the brain via the nervous system and through the release of hormones and chemicals known as neurotransmitters. A good example is when you feel nervous before an exam or job interview. As well as anxious thoughts, people often lose their appetite, feel nauseous and even suffer diarrhoea.An important part of this gut-brain axis is the microbiome – the billions of bacteria, viruses, fungi and other micro-organisms that live happily in our digestive tract. The microbiome also helps regulate the immune system and there is some early evidence that the health of our gut has an impact on many neurological and psychological conditions, and vice versa.
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